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In this work, SARS-CoV-2 infectivity after UV-C exposure of porous and non-porous surfaces was assessed under controlled environment conditions. The irradiance of a setup of UV-C lamps, placed indoors was studied in detail as a function of the geometry and the distance to the surface. In the presence of living beings, the external UV-C lamps are turned off, and the UV-C lamps mounted inside the disinfection chamber are kept active, allowing a continuous air disinfection and a decreased risk of indoor transmission. © 2022 17th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate, INDOOR AIR 2022. All rights reserved.
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Objective. This online cross-sectional research aimed to analyze the role of attitudes towards conjugal coexistence, during the period of quarantine, as a justification of the relationship between ideologies based on traditionalism and the acceptance of psychological abuse on women. Method. For this purpose, 260 women from different regions of Brazil were studied. Results. The results showed positive and significant effects (mediated effect =.14;SE =.04;95% CI.05;.22), suggesting that women who endorse more traditionalist ideologies use more justifications, through quarantine, and are more accepting of psychological abuse. This same relationship occurred in the direct and indirect strategies of psychological abuse. Therefore, this study presented preliminary evidence about a possible reinforcer of psychological abuse.
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Objective. Adapt the COVID Stress Scales (CSS), gathering psychometric evidence, and to verify the pattern of relationship with anxiety compared to COVID-19. Method. Two studies were carried out with participants from different Brazilian states. In the first (n = 423) the exploratory factor analysis suggested a pentafactorial structure. In the second (n = 300), a confirmatory factor analysis was performed, testing a pentafactorial model. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was gathered. Pearson's correlation (r) was performed, which showed positive and statistically significant relationships between anxiety and stress in the face of COVID, indicating validity based on external measure. Results. Satisfactory internal consistency was found in both studies. It is concluded that the CSS is valid and reliable and can assist in the assessment of individuals with stress caused by the COVID pandemic and its correlated factors.
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Background: In the ACTION trial, therapeutic anticoagulation did not show benefit on mortality, days of hospitalization and oxygens therapy at 30 days among patients with COVID19. However, this strategy was associated with higher rate of bleeding and a potential reduction in the rate of clinical thrombotic events. The current analysis evaluated which variables were independently associated with both outcomes in order to help the identification of the risk for thrombotic and hemorrhagic events among patients with COVID19. Methods: A total of 615 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and elevated D-dimer levels were randomly assigned to prophylactic anticoagulation (mainly in-hospital heparin) or a therapeutic strategy that used in-hospital rivaroxaban 20 mg daily for stable patients, or enoxaparin 1 mg/kg twice daily for unstable patients, followed by rivaroxaban through 30 days. One patient withdrew consent and was not included in the analysis. The current analysis tested baseline clinical characteristics and laboratorial exams one by one with independent logistic regressions for the composite of bleeding (major bleeding and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding) and thrombotic events (venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, stroke, systemic embolism, and major adverse limb events). Significant variables (p<0.05) were selected to adjust several multiple logistic models. Final models were chosen based on Akaike information criterion and therapeutic anticoagulation was included in the final model based on the primary results of the trial. Results: The model for bleeding events showed an accuracy of area under the curve (AUC) of 0.635 (table 1) while the model for thrombotic events had an AUC of 0.725 (table 2). Level of respiratory support (especially invasive ventilation) was associated with both outcomes in the multivariable analysis (tables 1 and 2). Beyond respiratory support, level of creatinine and history of coronary disease were also independently associated to the risk of thrombotic events. When the utilization of therapeutic anticoagulation (mainly with rivaroxaban) was included in the multivariable analysis, this variable was strongly associated with higher risk of bleeding (model AUC of 0.718) but was not associated with lower rate of thrombotic events (Tables 1 and 2). Conclusion: Since the variables associated with higher risk of thrombotic events are similar to the variables associated to bleeding complications, the selection of patients with better balance of risk vs. benefit to use therapeutic anticoagulation in COVID-19 still a challenging decision. Coronary disease and creatine may help to identify patients at higher risk of thrombotic complications while the use of therapeutic dose of direct oral anticoagulant increased the risk of bleeding in almost 4 times among patients hospitalized due to COVID19. Funding Acknowledgement: Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Investigator initiated research with financial support of Bayer
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This study aimed to assess the quality of life (QOL) of dental students in the 2019 Coronavirus Disease pandemic (COVID-19). A cross-sectional study was carried out with undergraduate students in Dentistry from Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the state of Ceara, Brazil. Data collection took place in May 2020, online, using questionnaires with sociodemographic, course-related and behavioral variables, in addition to the World Health Organization Questionnaire for Quality of Life-bref (WHOQOL-bref). Multinomial logistic regression was performed. 864 students participated in this study. Variables such as higher income (p = 0.034), having religion (p = 0.010), having health insurance (p = 0.005), satisfaction with sleep quality (p < 0.001), absence of insomnia (p < 0.001) and practicing physical activity always (p < 0.001) were associated with greater satisfaction regarding QOL. The QoL of dental students was classified in the dissatisfaction category, being perhaps impacted by the pandemic of COVID-19. Variables that reflected a more economically favorable living condition were associated with satisfaction with the quality of life of this public in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Governmental financial resilience is characterized by the way in which government entities face and recover from financial crises or shocks, being manifested from interactive dimensions. In view of the shock generated by COVID-19, the present research seeks to assess whether vulnerability and the ability to anticipate (resilience proxies) are correlated with the ability to cope with the virus (measured by the number of tests per inhabitant). To determine possible correlations, Spearman's correlation test was used, since the sample did not respect normality in its distribution, to measure the relationship between variables. The evidence points to a negative correlation between the dependence on intergovernmental transfer (vulnerability) and the ability to generate savings (anticipation capacity) and the capacity to cope with COVID-19. Despite methodological limitations, the research provides a potential contribution to advancing the observation of the interaction between the financial and social aspects of resilience, especially in view of the role that accounting plays in shaping different forms and paths for government financial resilience, providing answers short- or long-term shocks, anticipating them through planning and control mechanisms, which can contribute to the development of governance practices based on this literature.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world health scenario, causing numerous problems related to the overload of services. In this scenario, the approach to oncological diseases becomes a challenge, considering the risk of progression of cancer disease and death due to delay in diagnosis and treatment. Faced with this exceptional situation, coloproctology services have been forced to change their routine to adapt to the new reality, considering risks and benefits in the conduct of these patients. Thus, the experience of the coloproctology service at the Santa Casa de Saõ Paulo, Saõ Paulo, state of Saõ Paulo, Brazil, during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic is described, evaluating the possibility of maintaining elective oncological surgeries through selection by directed anamnesis. Method ?Retrospective cohort study with prospective collection comparing colorectal surgery for cancer before and during the pandemic from December 2019 to July 2020. Results ?In total, 81 patients were included. During the pandemic, 41 patients were operated on with 2 perioperative contaminations by COVID-19. Both length of stay and complications were not different between groups. Conclusion ?Since there was no increase in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in elective oncology surgeries with patients screened for guided anamnesis, it is worth considering this method for maintaining surgical procedures even in the event of a pandemic. © 2021 SPIE. All rights reserved.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and the social isolation on the interest rates of different medical specialties in Brazil. METHODS: The research was performed using the terms "Medico" (Doctor), "Infectologista" (Infectologist), "Cirurgiao" (Surgeon), "Geriatra" (Geriatrician), "Otorrinolaringologista" (Otolaryngologist), and "Oftalmologista" (Ophthalmologist), related to several medical specialties, and "COVID-19," which represented the public interest for the disease, utilizing the Brazilian version of Google Trends, where the data were acquired. The time range of this analysis was from 29 September, 2019 to 20 September, 2020. The data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel, exported to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, and correlated with searches for the term "COVID-19" using Pearson's correlation. 95% confidence interval was used for all analyses. RESULTS: "Geriatra" (72.26+/-16.42) and "Cirurgiao" (72.15+/-12.53) remained with the higher means among the evaluated specialties. In terms of standard deviation, "Oftalmologista" (64.71+/-16.72) and "Infectologista" (22.03+/-16.60) presented the most significant changes. After utilizing the Pearson's analysis to identify the correlation between each medical specialty and the term "COVID-19," all the evaluated specialties presented significant statistical correlations. "Oftalmologista" (r= -0.607) was notoriously the most negatively affected, while "Infectologista" (r=0.504) was pointed to have the highest positive correlation with the term. CONCLUSIONS: Several changes in the interest rates of different medical specialties in Brazil were found during the time range of the COVID-19 pandemic.